Power Factor Correction Using Boost Converter Technique Engineering Essay

Force Factor Correction Using Boost Converter Technique Engineering Essay This paper investigates a structure a solitary stage rectifier with improved force factor by utilizing the lift converter strategy. This paper presents the utilization of lift converter procedure can improve the force factor. By planning the requirements of the procedures, the general Power Factor (PF) would be improved to the desire. The low force factor is brought about by non-linearity of the information current. Lift converter is one of technique for re-forming the information waveform to be same example with the sinusoidal info voltage. The associated controls that go about as a Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit. The outcomes were looked at without PFC and uninvolved PFC and dynamic PFC. At long last the reenactment results are appeared to check the presentation of this altered the PFC. Watchwords : rectifier , support converter , dynamic PFC , detached PFC , power factor amendment (PFC) , power factor Presentation In generally electrical and electronic force supplies, the AC input is corrected is associated legitimately after the diode rectifier connect. The AC mains are normal and broadened wellspring of vitality. DC power flexibly is required for activity of electronic types of gear, for example, in PCs, TVs, screens and others. A basic circuit comprising of diode rectifiers and mass capacitor can conceivable to acquire DC voltage. The issue of the info circuit, the high symphonious twists on the line and over the top pinnacle input flows are created and the consequence of intensity factor in the framework is poor. [1] In request to improve these issues, many force factor redresses of air conditioning dc converters are introduced to accomplish high force factor and low music bending by adjusting the info phase of the diode rectifier and the channel capacitor circuit. Force factor is characterized as the proportion of the genuine force (P) to the obvious force (S) or cosine for unadulterated sine wave for both current and voltage that speak to s the stage edge between the current and voltage waveform. Figure 1.0a shows the force factor triangle.[2] Power factor is measure how productively electrical force is devoured. The force factor can shift between 0 to 1. It tends to be either slacking (inductive) or driving (capacitive). The helpless force calculate result decreased proficiency which expands cost electricity.[2] Many utilities organizations call upon punishments for the low force factor. At the point when a converter has not as much as solidarity power factor, it implies that the converter retains clear force that is higher the dynamic force it devours. A higher VA rating than the heap required from the force source ought to be appraised. Figure 1.0a: Power factor triangle The lift converter most generally utilized topology for accomplishing power factor rectification. The figure shows the PFC help converter circuit. [3] The way toward reshaping the info current is finished by help converter. The mass vitality stockpiling capacitor sits on the yield side of the lift converter as opposed to soon after the diode connect. The control circuit for this task utilized minimal effort parts and good outcomes. Figure 1.0b: relationship of Ac input voltage and current Figure 1.0b is show the waveform of connection between Ac input voltage and current. The waveform is expected the absolutely resistive non straight burden. Framework DESRIPTION A solitary stage rectifier with help converter is appeared in figure 1. Lift converter is utilized for reshaping input current. Figure 1.1a: Boost PFC converter Figure 1.1b: Voltages and flows waveforms Figure 1.1a and 1.1b shows that the essential setup of rectifier that utilizations Boost converter method as PFC with its particular voltages and flows. The information current would be exceptionally non-straight for rectifier without PFC. It happened when the capacitor is having huge worth. [4] The lift converter includes a switch, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor. The switch and diode are relying upon the voltage and current pressure that they should deal with for all the conceivable working conditions. The lift converter additionally rang step converter which is the yield voltage consistently more prominent than the information voltage. Force FACTOR CORRECTION Force factor rectification (PFC) is one of the strategies to improve the low force factor of a framework by utilizing reasonable gadgets. There are two kind of the PFC to be specific the inactive and dynamic force factor adjustment. The point of the force factor adjustment circuits is to make the contribution of the force flexibly carry on like simply resistive or a resistor.[4,5] By utilizing the detached PFC, it can accomplish the target of the low force factor applications. The expansion of a channel inductor which is associated with the arrangement with the info circuit, the aloof components is acquainted with improve the line current. This aloof component will expanded to an estimation of 0.7 roughly. The accomplishment is debased with the littler estimations of inductance. The aloof PFC is increasingly reasonable at lower power levels. The dynamic force factor amendment results are increasingly appropriate choice for accomplishing the closest solidarity power factor and the sinusoidal info current waveform. The dynamic PFC configuration capacities by controlling the info current so as to cause the current waveform to carry on like the flexibly voltage. A converter and exchanging frequencies higher than the AC line recurrence is included between the yield of the diode connect rectifier and the mass capacitor in the dynamic force factor adjustment. NON ISOLATED Separated Lift/BUCK, BUCK+BOOST PWM RECTIFIER FLYBACK FORWARD PWM RECTIFIER HIGH FREQUENCY LOW FREQUENCY P.W.M Thunderous Sear stage OFFLINE PDC circuit Dynamic PFC Inactive PFC Figure 1.2: sear stage disconnected PFC topologies. Inactive POWER FACTOR CORRECTION The AC-DC converter involves a full scaffold rectifier followed by a huge channel capacitor for the information stage. The information current for the rectifier circuit contains the biggest irregular pinnacle current heartbeats. The high twisting of the information current happens because of the diode rectifier lead for the short period.[7] By utilizing this aloof force factor remedy, the estimation of the force factor can be expanded of the 0.7 roughly. Expanding power factor because of the possibility of uninvolved PFC which is to sift through the consonant flows by utilizing low pass channel. Consequently, this latent force factor rectification has the accompanying principle points of interest and detriments: Favorable circumstances à ¢Ã£ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬ it has a straightforward structure, it is dependable and tough. The cost was low and the high recurrence exchanging misfortunes are not delicate to commotions. Detriments à ¢Ã£ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬ it make consonant, it has helpless force factor, it creates high misfortunes and it diminishes influence most extreme influence ability from the heap. In the aloof PFC, the utilization of the inductor in the info circuit is essentially utilized. . Dynamic POWER FACTOR CORRECTION A functioning PFC is a force electronic gadget intended to control the measure of intensity drawn by a heap and get a force factor as close as conceivable to solidarity. In a functioning PFC, the capacity was by controlling the info current and cause the current to act like flexibly voltage. There are two classes of the dynamic PFC arrangements which are the low recurrence and the high recurrence dynamic force factor adjustment. Procedure The reproduction procedure is done by utilizing PSIM programming. The PSIM reenactment model for generally speaking framework is appeared in figure 2.0. The recreation circuit can be isolated to three areas which are the primary source (input), the PFC (rectifier) and the heap (yield). Figure 2.0: PSIM recreation model for by and large framework The product recreation process is isolated into three stages which are non straight burden, uninvolved PFC and dynamic PFC (help converter). Start Without PFC. Recreation process utilizing PSIM With PFC by utilizing dynamic channel (help converter) With PFC by utilizing uninvolved PFC 1 2 3 Figure 2.1: flowchart of the recreation procedure Initial, a non-straight burden without PFC is reproduced for evidence of idea utilizing PFC. Figure 2.1.1 shows the flowchart of the procedure of the main reproduction step. 1 Circuit displaying Associate a non direct burden Wanted outcome End Truly No Circuit reenactment Figure 2.2: flowchart without PFC circuit In the subsequent stage, aloof PFC is included the circuit. The uninvolved PFC which is extra to the diode connect rectifier. The latent components are acquainted with improve the idea of line current. As the voltage expands, the measures of PFC segments increment as well. Figure 2.1.2 shows the flowchart of the procedure of the subsequent recreation step. 2 Circuit displaying Associate a non straight burden Add latent component to the circuit Wanted outcome End Truly No Circuit reproduction Wanted outcome End Indeed No Circuit recreation 3 Circuit demonstrating Interface a non straight burden Include help converter after extension diode in the circuit Include control circuit Figure 2.1.2 : flowchart for third recreation Figure 2.1.2: flowchart for second recreation In the third step, a functioning PFC supplanted the detached PFC. The lift converter is included this circuit. A functioning PFC can control the measure of intensity drawn by a heap and acquires the force factor as close as conceivable to solidarity. At that point the control circuit additionally added to the lift converter. Mosfet is utilized in the lift converter circuit which is an exchanging. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Without Power Factor Correction For the non straight burden which is the circuit without the PFC , the force factor is low thinks about to the utilizing of intensity factor remedy. From the waveforms , as should be obvious the force factor is 0.6 from 0.1 seconds onwards. The state of info current isn't likely the state of information voltage. It in light of the fact that there are some unsettling influence occurred in framework. Figure 3.1 : without PFC Figure 3.2 : PF , Vin and Iin waveforms With Passive Power Factor The initial step of the reenactment is intended for non direct burden. In the subsequent stage, a latent component which is the inductor is added to improve the idea of the line current. From these figure,

History Isu: Juno Beach Essay

The absolute most prominent fights in Canadian history occurred over the span of World War II. Most would contend it to have been Stalingrad, The Battle of the Atlantic, or even the Battle of Scheldt. The Battle at Juno Beach was a vital crossroads in Canadian history that prompted the ascent of an extraordinary country. On June 6, 1944, in the wake of having arranged for over four years, Canadian soldiers in Britain occurred in an intrusion that would turn into the best defining moment in Canadian history. â€Å"†¦ promptly in the first part of the day of June sixth, 1944 under front of a gigantic air and maritime siege, ships began shipping 150 000 American, British, and Canadian soldiers over the channel of Normandy.† After brave battling and colossal battles, the Canadian, American, and British soldiers figured out how to get the farthest inland to make sure about a situation against partnered intruders. â€Å"†¦the German guards at Juno Beach had been broken an d Canada had set up the beachhead.† Since Canadian soldiers had the option to make sure about the sea shore, â€Å"Operation Overlord† prompted incredible triumphs among the Allied Troops. Juno was the biggest land and/or water capable fight to have occurred ever. â€Å"155,000 officers, 5,000 ships and landing create, 50,000 vehicles and 11,000 planes were massed for the best seaborne intrusion in history.† Canadian soldiers, being the main district country, were doled out 1 out of the 5 sea shores at Normandy to make sure about. To start with, Canada was to make a foothold on Juno sea shore. The American, Canadian and British soldiers task was to catch and hold onto all ocean towns shorewards of the sea shore and get further inland in the wake of getting through adversary lines. Likewise, their goal was to make sure about the Carpiquet air terminal and make a connection that would have the option to join the British footholds on the other two sea shores, Sword and Gold sea shore, and furthermore to make sure about the Caen-Bayeux expressway. â€Å"The challenge confronting the Canadians was to conquered the seaside protections and catch ground places that could be guarded against German counter attacks.† The errand the Canadians were given was one that would take a ton of mental fortitude and self-assurance to push through. â€Å"†¦ Germans had transformed the coastline into a ceaseless stronghold of firearms, pillboxes, wire, mines and sea shore obstacles.† Although the Germans had shown solid limits, the associated troops figured out how to continue pushing their way through German safeguards. With the lead of Major General R.F.L Keller, the third Canadian Infantry alongside numerous men, tanks, and vehicles assisted with making sure about and assume control over Juno Beach. â€Å"The third Canadian Infantry Division upheld by the second Canadian Armored Brigade would arrive on Juno sea shore in detachment gatherings. Two units would land in the underlying attack followed later by the save detachmen t which would give through the lead detachments to the divisional targets. In excess of 20,000 men, 200 tanks and several different vehicles were under the order of Major-General Keller.† The united soldiers were effective in making sure about the situation on Juno sea shore. â€Å"†¦in the substance of substantial shelling and savage automatic rifle discharge, the Canadians battled their way past the German defences.† The soldiers had the option to enter farther inland then all other united powers could. Making sure about Juno sea shore was an enormous achievement and subsequently, has helped Canada to turn into a more noteworthy country. Since Juno Beach, the soldiers that were associated with the attack are extraordinarily perceived and everlastingly valued. Making sure about Juno Beach may have been perhaps the best thing to have occurred. In the wake of having done as such, numerous extraordinary triumphs went along. They broadened their foothold further inland, and kept on moving northwestward. They had the option to free a few French channel ports, which included Dieppe, which was an extraordinary achievement, in light of the fact that various Canadians had lost their lives at such spot two years back. Additionally, in light of such an incredible accomplishment at Juno Beach, the freedom of Europe occurred, alongside the destruction of Nazi-Germany, which lead up to the finish of World War 2. The destruction of Nazi-Germany turned into an exceptionally glad achievement for some. â€Å"Allied to serve the normal reason for opportunity and vote based system, Canada, Great Britain, the United States, the nations of the British Commonwealth and free countries enduring under Nazi occupation counter-attacked.† Due to Canada having the option to achieve numerous triumphs, they demonstrated that meeting up as a country could prompt incredible triumphs and victories. Additionally, it helped make and manufacture the freedom of Canada. It indicated that Canada is an amazing na tion, and doesn’t need to clasp hands with Britain essentially, yet at the same time cooperate. â€Å"So a wide range of streets to Victory, vanquished through assurance and fortitude and at the cost of numerous human lives.† Although â€Å"Operation Overlord† ended the lives of many daring fighters, it was one bit nearer to the total destruction of Nazi-Germany. With incredible achievement comes a cost, and in spite of the fact that the catch of Juno Beach was cultivated, numerous troopers were injured, slaughtered, or caught. â€Å"Fourteen thousand Canadians arrived in Normandy on D-Day and to guarantee the triumph 340 Canadians had given their lives. Another 574 had been injured and 47 taken prisoner. The setbacks were not exactly expected, yet overwhelming nonetheless.† Regardless of the many loses Canada endured, warriors were as yet urged to push ahead and continue battling. The Canadian soldiers depended vigorously on products and ventures that were being transported to them. The legislature enormously upheld the soldiers, furnishing them with the numerous necessities should have been effective. â€Å"Canadian troops depended on a tight association and on a wide scope of administrations that gave food, cover, clinical consideration, knowledge, correspondences and the sky is the limit from there. They additionally depended on ships, airplanes, tanks and weapons expected to confront the enemy.† Funding for the intrusion was expensive, taking everything into account, prompted incredible triumph for the associated troops. Canada at the Battle of Normandy greatly affected war. It changed the way many idea of the word â€Å"impossible.† After what was done, and what amount was vanquished, the sky is the limit. Having the option to get further inland than some other previously and making sure about a place that later on prompted the freedom of Europe and the destruction of Nazi-Germany isn’t only a little achievement, it’s something that has changed the manner in which war is seen and the manner in which troops keep on battling. Without the essential products and ventures being sent over to the united soldiers, very little would have been conceivable. Many fearless soldiers remained against German barriers and ended their lives so the remainder of their siblings could forge ahead and make Canada pleased. â€Å"Many would pass on there at the same time, for the Canadian powers, D-Day was a triumph that is as yet respected at home and on the sea shore they called Juno.† It is with incredible achievement that Canada as a country, can say gladly that they battled emphatically to make sure about Juno sea shore on June 6, 1944, and on the grounds that such an extraordinary oc casion occurred, the ascent of a country started. â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ [ 1 ]. Jill Coyler, Jack Cecillon, Graham Draper and Margaret Hoogeveen, Creating Canada A History-1914 to introduce ( McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2010) , 239 [ 2 ]. CBC News, D-Day: The partnered intrusion of Normandy, 1944, http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2009/06/02/f-dday-history.html, June 5, 2009 [ 3 ]. CBC News, D-Day: The unified attack of Normandy, 1944, http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2009/06/02/f-dday-history.html, June 5, 2009 [ 4 ]. Path, D.W. â€Å"Juno Beach †The Canadians On D-Day†1944, http://members.shaw.ca/junobeach/juno-2.htm, Operation Overlord †Plans and Arrangement [ 5 ]. Path, D.W. â€Å"Juno Beach †The Canadians On D-Day†1944, http://members.shaw.ca/junobeach/juno-2.htm, Operation Overlord †Plans and Preparation [ 6 ]. Path, D.W. â€Å"Juno Beach †The Canadians On D-Day†1944, http://members.shaw.ca/junobeach/juno-2.htm, Operation Overlord †Plans and Preparation [ 7 ]. Jill Coyler, Jack Cecillon, Graham Draper and Margaret Hoogeveen, Creating Canada A History-1914 to introduce ( McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2010) , 239 [ 8 ]. Juno Beach Center, â€Å"Canada in WWII†, http://www.junobeach.org/e/2/can-eve-bar e.htm, Roads to Victory [ 9 ]. Juno Beach Center, â€Å"Canada in WWII†, http://www.junobeach.org/e/2/can-eve-bar e.htm, Roads to Victory [ 10 ]. Path, D.W. â€Å"Juno Beach †The Canadians On D-Day†1944, http://members.shaw.ca/junobeach/juno-2.htm, Operation Overlord †Conclusion [ 11 ]. Juno Beach Center, â€Å"Canada in WWII† http://www.junobeach.org/e/4/can-tac-e. htm Arms and Weapons [ 12 ]. CBC News, D-day: Canadians Target Juno Beach 1944, http://archives.cbc.ca/war_conflict/second_world_war/points/1317/2003

Hamlet and Particular Attention Essay

1. Consider Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia. Does he love her? Does he quit cherishing her? Did he ever adore her? What proof would you be able to discover in the play to help your supposition? 2. Consider Rosencrantz and Guildenstern’s job in the play. For what reason may Shakespeare have made characters this way? Is it true that they are there for entertainment, or do they fill an increasingly genuine need? For what reason does the updates on their demises come simply after the passings of the imperial family in Act V, as though this news were not unsatisfying? Is it worthy for Hamlet to regard them as he does? Why or why not? 3. Dissect the utilization of depictions and pictures in Hamlet. How does Shakespeare utilize illustrative language to improve the visual prospects of a phase creation? How can he use symbolism to make a mind-set of strain, anticipation, dread, and hopelessness? 4. Examine the utilization of satire in Hamlet, giving specific consideration to the undertakers, Osric, and Polonius. Does parody serve simply to alleviate the pressure of the disaster, or do the comic scenes fill an increasingly genuine topical need too? 5. Self destruction is a significant subject in Hamlet. Talk about how the play treats the possibility of self destruction ethically, strictly, and tastefully, with specific regard for Hamlet’s two significant articulations about self destruction: the â€Å"O, this too strong tissue would melt† monologue (I.ii.129â€158) and the â€Å"To be, or not to be† discourse (III.i.56â€88). For what reason does Hamlet accept that, albeit equipped for self destruction, most people decide to live, notwithstanding the remorselessness, agony, and unfairness of the world?

Gender Roles Portrayed in Fairy Tales and Young Children - 1375 Words

How Gender Roles Portrayed in Fairy Tales Affect the Development of Young Children (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorSubjectDateHow gender roles portrayed in fairytales affect the development of young childrenFairy tales play a very significant role in the social and psychological development of young children. These takes are some of the main sources of information for children because they are told about them from a very young age. Before they join school, children hear about the stories form their parents, siblings and other relatives or even other older members of the society. Upon joining school and becoming literate, these children are introduced to the world of story books whereby fairy tales form the bulk of the information that they access. Television also plays a very important role in this area as children have a wide range of kidsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ channels to choose from. Some of the shows are based on folk stories involving mythical characters that are said to have existed in the past. As the children watch and read the tales, they tend to associate themselves wi th their favorite characters. In this regard, fairy tales have a strong effect on how children perceive themselves especially regarding gender roles (Hess 371).There are several common themes underlying the nature of fairy tales. Regarding gender roles, the male and female genders are portrayed as having different responsibilities and characteristics. For instance, when it comes to girls, most fairy tales are based on some beautiful young girl that experiences many unfortunate events in her life. However, in most of the stories, the young girl usually finds happiness, mostly because the world favors her because of her beauty (Webster 150). A good example of such a tale is the world famous à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Cinderella.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ The story talks about a beautiful young girl who is teased and tormented by her evil stepmother and elder step-sisters. They make her do all the dirty work in their home while they enjoy their life to the fullest. However, as fate would have it, it is Cinderell a that would have the last laugh. In the story, there is a young prince, quite charming and very rich. The prince was desperately in search of a wife, who would become the princess of the town. At the end of the story, it is Cinderella, the despised girl that eventually catches the eyes of the prince and they get married, living happily ever after.From the Cinderella fairytale, for instance, there are various aspects that young viewers and watchers may associate with. In the story, young girls are always taught to be humble and kind despite the tribulations and unfortunate occurrences in their lives. Just like Cinderella, young girls are taught to be loving and dedicated even to those people who perceive them as their enemies (Lincoln, Anne and Allen 5). The role of a girl as depicted in the in the story is to be patient in life because true happiness awaits her in the end.Another important theme in the story is marriage. In Cinderellaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s town, every girlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s wish i s to be married to the young, handsome and rich prince. They are all desperate to show their best side, trying to capture the attention of the prince. Young girls may be misled into believing that the key to happiness in life is by through marriage. It does not teach girls how they can be successful in life on their own without having to rely on marriage as their source of happiness. Additionally, the story does not tell the audience about the particular character of the prince. Rather, it only borders on his charming looks, his wealth and position in the society. This notion can be misleading to young children as they may get the perception that in marriage, it is only looks, wealth and power that matter. Young girls may grow up wishing that their future husband has such qualities. They may even shun some good young men merely because they are not wealthy or physically attractive. Boys can also be negatively affected because they may tend to think that to be happy in life; they sho uld have wealth, good looks and a beautiful wife. This is such a misguided situation because nowadays, people get into marriages without giving consideration to important qualities like love, honesty, and respect. It explains the high rate of broken marriages happening right, left and center in the society today. Maybe the root of the problem is the misguidance that people grow up with; with a heavy influence from the fairy tales they read or watched when they were young.Fairy tales have also played a huge role in advancing gender stereotypes. Usually, most of these stories depict women as being lesser being sin society in aspects such as leadership, physical strength, bravery and ability to take responsibility in their households or society. Most of these stories also tend to have an evil or wicked character, in most cases being played out by a woman who is either a witch or an evil step-mother. This evil character is usually the villain and is hell-bent to ensuring that the protag onist in the story, usually a young and beautiful woman, finds neither peace nor happiness. Such storylines try to portray women as their own worst enemies instead of being their friendà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s keeper. Important to note is that in these stories, the antagonist is also usually portrayed as being physically unattractive. This depiction may cultivate a negative mindset in children that only physically attractive people can be good and kind. Good examples include stories such as Cinderella and Snow White.In the same stories, it is unfortunate that the victims are usually saved by heroes who in most cases are men. The main point depicted here is that a woman is helpless by herself and can only attain her freedom when a man intervenes in her situation. This notion is quite chauvinistic in nature as it portrays women as being weaker human beings compared to their male counterparts. Men are given challenged to be the alpha males in society as women take the back seat. Young children wat ching or reading these stories may interpret it wrongly. Girls may be misguided into believing that it is boys who should take the lead while they play second fiddle. In this day and age, children should be encouraged to take responsibility regardless of their gender. No sex is weaker than the other thus some of the fairy tales are misleading and misguiding. Women can take care of their situation as long as they remain focused. Again, they can also help their male counterparts and save them from difficult situations; it should not always be vice-versa.Another common misconception that children can get from fairy tales is that violence is an essential instrument that should be used to get what one wants. Fairy tales usually depict a male superhero using his skill in warfare to conquer evil villains (Girardot 277). For instance, in Snow White, the savior prince had to use violence so as to kill the evil witch that had placed a curse on the beautiful girl that he wanted to marry. In se veral other fairy tale movies produced by Disney, the main characters attack the villains using dangerous tools of warfare including machetes and swords. The main story line is that evil forces h...

Cultural Anthropology - 6441 Words

Anthropology 1A03 Exam Review Week 7 Monday October 18-Thursday October 21 â€Å"Expressive Culture† (Miller Text Chapter 11) Expressive Culture October 18: Expressive Culture is: Behaviour and beliefs related to art, leisure, and play. - linked to other cultural domains such as: Exchange: pot latching art and dance, Bodily modification. Decorations, tattoos Religion: clothing, practices, etc. What is Art? Art is application of imagination, skill and style to matters movement, and sound that goes beyond the purely practical. * High art= in a museum * Low art= graffiti Who decides: What is Art? Emic/etic confusions regarding art * Emic: insider (member) view or members of culture * Etic: outsider (observer)†¦show more content†¦Wrote the Midterm Communication: October 27 Linguistic and Cultural Anthropology: * Material from both fields of anthropology about human communication * Connections to biological anthropology, ex. Nonhuman primate communication and archaeology regarding communication in past cultures The Varieties of Human Communication: * Language and verbal communication * Non verbal communication/language and embodied communication * Communicating with media and technology Basic Concepts: Communication: conveying meaningful messages from one person or animal to another. Language: based on a systematic set of learned and shared symbols and signs. Two distinctive features of Human Language: 1. Productivity= the ability to create an infinite range of understandable messages. 2. Displacement= the ability to refer to event in the past and future (displaced domains) What do the Pirahas have to teach us: language as a tool, happiness is way of life - seem very happy, Daniel Everett- Endangered languages video - the ways in which the case of the piraha can teach us about language elsewhere, they don`t use numbers culturally. 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Professional Profile Essay - 1343 Words

Professional Profile I enjoy working to targets and a confident communicator who has prior experience of maintaining existing client relationships while generating new ones. I started my career as a CSR Executive and I have more than seven years experience in working with older people and people with disabilities. My experience has been varied and I have built a consistently successful track record in three different industries. With my passion for serving the community, I have produced many PR campaigns to make awareness and empower the differently-able community as a freelance journalist. 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Explained By Means Tabular Representation â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Explained By Means Tabular Representation? Answer: Introduction By reviewing the whole article, it has been found that no obscure phrase is present and key concepts related to the research problem has been adequaetely defined by the researcher. The research study by Ramjan et al., (2014) clearly mentions the purpose of research, which is to identify strategies that may assist nurse in increasing their competency in drug calculation teaching and assessment method. All types of teaching methods has been clearly explained by means of tabular representation. The usefulness of this research is high because it is a newly published article published in the year 2014, which might give new insights to improve skills and competencies of registered nurse. The reliability of the data is high because it is a recent work that has considered recent approaches and teaching methods to improve the competency of nurse in drug calculation. The key concepts related to factors that might affect the nurses ability to conduct mathematical calculation for drug dose has been discussed. This was dependent on experience, age, practice experience and age of nurses. Hence, the researcher highlighted the research problem, which is the rise in number of preventable medication errors, and need to prepare nurses to tailor drug calculation teaching. Therefore, the main concept behind the research is adequately explained. The motivation for the research is understood from the background information related to the topic that the researcher has discussed in the introduction section. The importance of nurses competency in drug calculation was seen because patients lives depend on those calculation. Any error in medication dose can cost lives of patients too. Research design and data analysis: Mixed method research approach was used to collect data from 327 female and 63 male nursing students of final year. The same size is adequate for giving reliable results. Secondly, the strategy to select only final year nursing students in the study reveals purposive sampling approach was taken to include participants in the study. Use of purposive sampling method is a good step by the researcher because it ensures fulfillment of the goal of research and getting reliable data from those people who experience the issue on a daily basis. It increased the generalizability and reliability of the study too (Etikan, Musa, Alkassim, 2016). Secondly, many teaching interventions were provided to improve the competency of the researcher. Two surveys were done to collect data-first was conducted during the tutorial classes and other was done after hands-on workshop. The use of both Likert scale and qualitative comment in the survey question is commendable because it will remove all possibiliti es of getting ambiguous data. The researcher also followed the ethical consideration that is required before conducting the research which further increased the viability of the research article. The use of SPSS tool and use of excel spreadsheet for manually analyzing theme gives an indication that data analysis is rigorous enough to effectively analyze both qualitative and quantitative data. The illustration of the TGP flow chart of process and intervention also makes all the research method clear. This method is considered reliable to get all answers to the research question. The same cross sectional mixed method survey design was also applied by Fleming, Brady Malone, (2014) to investigate nurses competency in drug calculation. However, in case of randomized controlled study, multiple choice test related drug dose calculation was considered to evaluate competency of the nurse (Simonsen et al., 2014). In the study by Ramjan et al., (2014), the main findings was that association was found between nurses numeracy skills performance and the remedial support sessions. Secondly, the evaluation of nurses perception regarding tailored intervention revealed that nurses found the online practice quiz useful because of its clinical relevance. On the whole, it can be stated that results presented was relevant to the research question and the table based response for statistical and qualitative numeracy skills performance promoted analysis of the data in much lesser time. While comparing the above article with other two article related to the same topic, it has been found that the first article gave more extensive numerical data related to scores of nurse in metric conversion, tablet dosage, fluid dosage, drip rate and total drug test scores (Fleming, Brady Malone, 2014). Although this is advantageous for evaluating the effectiveness of drug test for improving the competency of nurse, however the evaluation of numerous other interventions in Ramjan et al., (2014) has a much wider scope and credibility too. The scope of the study findings by Simonsen et al., (2014) is also narrow as it focused only on classroom learning and e-learning and not other types of teaching intervention. Discussion The discussion section of the study Ramjan et al., (2014) adequately explained how the research has given answer to the research aim. Positive response was given by staff regarding recent teaching intervention for medication calculation. Exposure to simulated scenarios enhanced their competency and confidence on drug calculation. The positive comment regarding hands-on workshop also revealed its effectiveness of visual learning. Therefore, the data obtained from the study was justified by the above explanation. Ramjan et al., (2014) finally concluded the research by giving the recommendation that intensive and contextualized numeracy teaching and assessment is more favoured by nurse now compared to traditional testing methods. More emphasis was given on contextualizing the teaching and learning process. However, the researcher did not pointed out to any areas of future research. Fleming, Brady Malone, (2014) also did not identified any future research area, however it gave the recommendation that national guideline on level and assessment of pharmacological content and drug calculation is necessary to improve medication calculation in nurses. The research by Simonsen et al., (2014) concluded that the result did not gave any outcome of practical significance. Hence, the reliability of the study was low and no future areas of research was also stated despite limitation in the study. The strength of the study is the use of simple language and no complicated jargons. It is easy for any reviewer to effectively understand all the concepts related to the study. Secondly, tabular representation of study finding promotes easy analysis of the research outcome. Ramjan et al., (2014) presented the research data by means of tabular representation. All the tables were systematically arranges with headings and key research variables. However, the flowchart regarding the research process and intervention was little complex and it took time to interpret them. The strength of the study is that the researcher has used include all types of teaching strategies to understand the effectiveness of research. This has helped to validate the importance visually enhanced hands-on intervention in improving numeracy learning in final year nurses. The other two studies and many other studies have not considered the evolving nature of learning methods while conducting the study (Pierce et al., 2008). The key weakness in the research is the Likert scale was used for the survey, however it has too many options which limited the validity of the study (Artino et al., 2011). The main weakness of the research by Ramjan et al., (2014) was too many option in Likert scales and this could have been addressed by taking lesser options or using validated survey tools. The work by Ramjan et al., (2014) is a high quality research article because he has reported about the research process in a very subjective manner. No personal comments has been made and all justification or arguments raised has been backed up by relevant research articles. Hence, no biasness in viewpoint is seen. The quality of Ramjan et al., (2014) is also understood from proper reference given for each citation. Link was provided in each citation and this helped in easily navigating to the research article from which the arguments were raised. The credibility of the author is further understood from their profession designation. For instance, Ramjan is a staff member in the School of Nursing and she is committed to educational research particularly in numeracy. This means she has enough experience in research works related to the teaching strategies in nursing demonstrating the validity of her research work (Doctor Lucie Ramjan 2017). Reference Artino Jr, A. R., Gehlbach, H., Durning, S. J. (2011). AM last page: avoiding five common pitfalls of survey design.Academic Medicine,86(10), 1327. Doctor Lucie Ramjan. (2017). Westernsydney.edu.au. [online] Available at: https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/staff_profiles/uws_profiles/doctor_lucie_ramjan [Accessed 11 Sep. 2017]. Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling.American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics,5(1), 1-4. Fleming, S., Brady, A. M., Malone, A. M. (2014). An evaluation of the drug calculation skills of registered nurses.Nurse education in practice,14(1), 55-61. Pierce, R. U., Steinle, V. A., Stacey, K. C., Widjaja, W. (2008). Understanding decimal numbers: a foundation for correct calculations.International journal of nursing education scholarship,5(1), 1-15. Ramjan, L. M., Stewart, L., Salamonson, Y., Morris, M. M., Armstrong, L., Sanchez, P., Flannery, L. (2014). Identifying strategies to assist final semester nursing students to develop numeracy skills: a mixed methods study.Nurse education today,34(3), 405-412. Simonsen, B. O., Daehlin, G. K., Johansson, I., Farup, P. G. (2014). Improvement of drug dose calculations by classroom teaching or e-learning: a randomised controlled trial in nurses.BMJ open,4(10), e006025.