Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example for Free

Compargon and Contrast Paper EssayI prepare chosen to use Story of an Hour, written by Kate Chopin and The Necklace, written by Guy de Maupassant for this compare and contrast paper. My intentions are to show similarities as well as differences between these two pieces and provide comparison of the progress tos to provide a deeper insight into the topic of this paper. The proposition I find similar in these two pieces is greed you should be happy with what you have. In two stories you have women that are non happy in their situations, seeming to al authoritys be wanting for more. While the stories are very different, they do have a similar message.Dr.Emily Chen, PhD states that narration a literary schoolbook is part of a complex process that includes collaboration between the writer, the text, and the reader. Text is re-created each time some atomic number 53 untested reads it, and it becomes, in the process, increasingly richer. Text is a stimulus that elicits respons es from us based on our past experiences, our previous reading, our thoughts, and our ol eventory modalitys the text acts on the reader and the reader interacts with the text. (Chen, 2009). Each story, read by each person provide most likely illicit a different view based on their animateness history experience, mood, age and gender.Your environment and personal experiences influence your response to stories. Whether you are aware of it or non, the lens through which you envision a story is filtered by insights you have gained from family traditions, religious beliefs, and critical biography issues. Thus, interpretations of a story vary based on the readers age and breadth of experience. Emotions affect conclusions drawn from stories. Interpretations differ from acculturation to culture. (Clugston, 2010). interpret each of these stories now, affect me differently than if I had read them ten, fifteen or twenty years ago.The Necklace and Story of an Hour are both short stories fructify in ab discover the same time period, the late 1800s, in private residences. The Necklace is a story about a woman, Madame Loisel that is infelicitous with her simple emotional state as a clerks wife. She is always daydreaming about the first-rater things in life and the riches that she feels that she is missing out on. She suffered intensely, feeling herself born for every delicacy and every luxury. She suffered from the p everywherety of her dwelling, from the worn w in alls, the abraded chairs, the ugliness of the stuffs. (de Maupassant, 1884).Madame Loisels married man, in an effort to try and bring her happiness, receives an invitation to a party with the elite townspeople. Still not happy because she did not have an appropriate dress to wear, Madame Loisels husband ingests her the money he was saving for himself so she could go out and purchase a dress. Even then she is still not happy because she has no jewelry to wear with it. She asks her friend Madame Forres ter to borrow her something appropriate and ends up borrowing a ball field necklace from her. Ultimately, the necklace is lost the night of the grand party.Madame Loisel and her husband end up working themselves to closing for the next ten years to pay off the debt they incurred in switch the necklace, which ended up beingness a fake in the end. Their life as they once knew it was over. Story of an Hour is a short story featuring Louise mallard, an unhappy housewife with a kernel condition. In the story she learns of her husbands termination and within minutes goes from weeping uncontrollably to happy and joyful. She said it over and over under her breath free, free, free The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. (Chopin, 1884).Mrs. Mallard felt up oppressed in her marriage, that her husband did not demoralise by her and found a sense of freedom from his passing. She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands fo lded in death the face that had neer looked save with get along upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. (Chopin, 1884). Ultimately, Mr. Mallard did not pass in the accident and when he came through the door and she saw him, Louise passed right then. Each story features an unhappy woman as the main character.Madame Loisel in The Necklace is unhappy with her financial situation, always fantasizing about the finer things in life. Louise Mallard in Story of an Hour is an unhappy housewife with a heart condition, feeling oppressed in her marriage. In the end, both women pay a price for their wants Madame Loisel to be wealthy or seen as wealthy pays by having to sacrifice her life to work twice as hard to repay a debt. Louise Mallard wanting her freedom finally receives it when she hears her husband has been killed in an accident, still to lose it with her death as he really walks in the door.Foreshadowing is used in both these stories as well. Foreshadowing is described in our textbook asA technique a writer uses to hint or suggest what the outcome of an important conflict or situation in a narrative willing be (Clugston, 2010). Foreshadowing gives us some clues as to some of the events that will may possibly unfold in the stories. In The Necklace, the line It was not I, madam, who sell this necklace. I only supplied the case. (de Maupassant, 1884) provides a small hint that the necklace may not in fact have been genuine diamonds.In Story of an Hour, the simple fact that the opening line stated Louise Mallard had a heart condition I feel, provided a clue right away as to the fact she would rifle in the story. The line someone was opening the front door with a latchkey. (Chopin, 1894), also gives a clue that she could be surprised enough to have her heart fail. There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, and the illusion that filled the air. (Chopin, 1894). This line, I feel, shows that Loise may even have felt her impending death. Possibly the reference in the line But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air. (Chopin, 1894), could be a reference as to Jesus coming to take her to heaven. Irony takes place in both of these stories as well. Irony is defined in out textbook as A discrepancy or contradiction occurs between what is expected to happen and what actually happens in a situation (situation irony) or in an expressed statement (verbal irony). (Clugston, 2010). Irony is shown in The Necklace when Madame Loisel runs into Madame Forrester on the street. Her friend did not recognize her because she had aged so much from all the extra work she had to do to pay he r debt. They have a conversation about the necklace and how she had lost it and replaced it, I brought you back another provided like it. And now for ten years we have been paying for it. You will understand that it was not easy for us, who had nothing. At last, it is done, and I am mighty glad. (de Maupassant, 1884) and Madame Forrester replies Oh, my pitiful Mathilde. But mine were false.At most they were worth five hundred francs (de Maupassant, 1884). Madame Loisel had the exact opposite of the life she had fantasized about. Irony is shown in Story of an Hour by the fact that Louise was so elated at the thought of her new found freedom that he started visualizing her future alone and thought It was only yesterday she had though with a shudder that life might be long. Little did she know her life would end up shorter than she could imagine. Both of these stories represent death in the way that Madame Loisel and her husbands life as they knew it died the night the necklace was lost.Louise Mallard simply died, I feel, from seeing her freedom being taken away by her husband still being alive her heart simply could not take it. She not only lost the freedom she so longed for when her husband walked through the door, death made it impossible for her to ever have that freedom. These stories hold differences as well. The Necklace is focalize in Paris and spans years while the Story of an Hour does not give an exact place but is most likely set near where the author lived in St. Louis, Missouri and only denotes one hour of time.In The Necklace, Madame Loisels husband is always trying to make her happy, first by bringing her an invitation But, my dear, I thought you would be pleased. You never go out, and heres a chance, a fine one. I had the hardest work to get it. Everybody is after them they are greatly sought for and not many are given to the clerks. You will see there all the official world. (de Maupassant, 1884) and giving her money to buy a dress. Even t hough Madame Loisel is unhappy with her financial situation, it is never implied that she is unhappy with her husband.In Story of an Hour however, it is implied that Louise Mallard is unhappy in her marriage and she did not feel loved by her husband, the face that had never looked save with love upon her. (Chopin, 1894) nor did she love him, And yet she had loved himsometimes. frequently she had not. What did it matter (Chopin, 1894). I feel that the only time Louise Mallard is truly happy is when she thinks she finally has the freedom to do whatever she wants. Each of these stories has women represented in different ways, most likely because they were written by different gendered authors. Story of an Hour was writtenfrom a female come in of view and The Necklace was written from a male point of view. The time frame in which these stories were written is a significant factor in the bolt they were written. The late 1800s was the beginning of the Womens Movement. Many women longe d for freedom, and men still viewed them as property. Kate Chopin was called a Liberationist during this time. Lewis Leary speaks of her writings in that she wrote also of people (mostly women) caged by convention or lured toward freedom which brings at one time happiness, at another disaster or rebuff. (Leary, 1970).He also discusses her personal views during this era. Ms. Chopin was in revolt against tradition and authority. She saw sex as something which could or could not be conjoined with love or marriage, and she daringly how daringly for her time and place undertook to give the unsparing truth about womans submerged life. (Leary, 1970). In Story of an Hour, Louise Mallard is a woman who feels oppressed in her marriage and longs for freedom. In The Necklace, written from male point of view, portrays Madame Loisel as a greedy, materialistic woman worried about status and not happy with what she has.Since early times, women have been uniquely viewed as a creative source of benignant life. Historically, however, they have been considered not only intellectually inferior to men but also a major source of temptation and evil. In Greek mythology, for example, it was a woman, Pandora, who opened the forbidden box and brought plagues and unhappiness to mankind. Early Roman law described women as children, forever inferior to men. (WIC, 1994). Most men during this period felt women were inferior and their place was as a homemaker. They were considered the weaker sex and had few rights and Maupassant was no exception.According to Karen Bernado He enjoyed visiting brothels, and his easy familiarity with prostitutes is think overed in stories such as boulle de Suif Ball of Fat, a quasi-endearing nickname for a voluptuous whore. He recognized how people can be brought down by vanity, a situation depicted in his famous story The Necklace. And he was fascinated with humanitys darker side, as we learn from his masterful character study of an effeminate militar y officer in white perch Fifi. His lifestyle, however, was to prove de Maupassants undoing he died insane and far too young from complications brought on by syphilis.(Bernardo, nd). He viewed women as nothing more than objects. Maupassant was a classicist by his nearly exclusive study of the subject of man, concentrating on the rational man. (Moore, 1918). Some of the qualities credited to him are realism and impersonality. Maupassant is a realist so long as, from the point of view of a detached observer. (Moore, 1918). I feel that a womans role in the 1890s affected the way Maupassant wrote this story. The relationship between content, form and style in these two stories are similar in many ways.Our textbook says Stories also reflect culture. The term culture refers to common characteristics of a group or a region. Culture is never static it is a changing phenomenon, constantly reconfigured by human behavior, language, laws, events, patterns, products, beliefs, and ideals. T o put it simply, culture refers to a way of life, an ethos. Writers often reflect a particular culture through the setting of a story or the spirit of the characters livesproviding insight, for example, into Southern culture, postWorld War I culture, or global culture.In this way stories preserve culture they freeze moments in time and create cultural awareness. (Clugston, 2010). I believe both of these stories reflect the culture of the late 1800s, from very different viewpoints, male and female, but provide a similar morality lesson. Both are short stories and contain a set up, build up and payoff. Short stories have a plot with conflictdriven, tiedtogether actions and events, a setting, clear time frame, characters, point of view, a theme and features that include tone, irony, and symbolism.Knowing or not knowing the terms presented in this paper does not help or hinder a personal companionship someone may have with a particular piece. I know for myself, the personal message I r eceived from these stories, was a reflection on my life and personal experiences. I see people ungrateful for what they have daily. I was one of those people once, a long time ago. When we long for things we do not have, it keeps us from seeing and appreciating what we do have. You get caught up in things, and become willing to lie, cheat, steal, to do whatever it takes to get what you want.Imagine if Madame Loisel had just been content with being invited to the party and not worried about a dress and jewelry? Or what if she had just told the truth about losing the necklace? She would probably have not had to work the next ten years and been able to enjoy life. Socrates once said He who is not contented with what he has, would not be contented with what he would like to have. The bible contains many parables about it as well and Proverbs 1527 states A greedy man brings trouble to his family, but he who hates bribes will live. As you can see, there are many similarities and differen ces between the short stories The Necklace and Story of an Hour. I feel one important message contained in these to be happy with what you have, because greed will get you in the end, and both characters paid a price for their greed. If Madame Loisel had been happy with her life as it was, her husband would have never felt the need to acquire the invitation to the party, which ended up costing them years of their lives as well as money. For the next ten years Madame Loisel had a life less than what she started with, a big contrast to the life she fantasized about.Louise Mallard was unhappy in her marriage. Thinking she finally had her freedom when she thought her husband had been killed, she was overjoyed only to have her heart give out when she found out her husband was still alive. We all should be careful what we wish for because we might just get it. References Chen PhD, E. (2009). The Reader-Centered Approach to Literature. Retrieved from http/www. litguide. press. jhu. eduwww2 . nkfust. edu. tw/emchen/CLit/teach_reader- centered. htm Clugston, R. (2010). Journey into Literature.Bridgepoint Education, San Diego. Groden, M. Kreiswirth, M. and Szeman, I. 2005-2012. The John Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism. Retrieved from http// www. litguide. press. jhu. edu Leary, L. Kate Chopin, Liberationist? The Southern Literary Journal, Vol. 3, no 1 (Fall, 1970), pp. 138-144. Retrieved from JSTOR online Ashford University. Moore, O. The Romanticism of Guy Maupassant. PMLA, Vol. 33, No. 1 (1918), pp. 96-134. WIC, 1994. Womens History in America. Retrieved from http//wic. org Retrieved from JSTOR online Ashford University.

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City Essay Example for Free

Eric Larson, The Devil in the White City EssayGenerically speaking, Eric Larsons book The Devil in the White City is a tale of architecture and a serial killer. The book reflects the society of the late 19th century, wampum. In its own the work is a journey of the lives of the people of the great urban center and how they changed. It encompasses their hopes, their dreams and their treachery. In general where gender roles are c at a timerned, it showcases how women, particularly those from the working class, shaped the city around them while sticking to their constricted roles. The book revolves around two central characters i.e. the architect and the serial killer, however, it manages to not just account for their lives, but in doing so highlight great poverty, violence and depravity of the age and America as it were during that time. It follows through one mixer crisis after another throughout the vestiges of its pages. It shows the social diversity along with individualist ic diversity of the era.In order to understand the role of women during that time, we must runner understand the dynamics of the society itself. In closedown to the works, Larson pens in Notes and Sources The thing that entranced me about Chicago in the Gilded Age was the citys willingness to take on the impossible in the number of civic honor, a concept so removed from the modern psyche that two wise readers of early drafts of this book wondered why Chicago was so esurient to win the worlds fair in the first place p. 393.The world of that age was a combination of great achievement and burning desire to be better than everything else. To achieve that dream men werent the only one making the efforts. Women were also breaking out of their age of crafted roles. To win first place, the race had begun and the general population strived for the collateral dream.The book talks about the two facets of reality and society. Good versus great evil. It highlights mans despondency to be be tter, to achieve great heights. And on that journey man at times becomes irrevocably corrupt. As Larson enounces, The juxtaposition of pride and unfathomed evil stricken me as offering powerful insights into the nature of men and their ambitions p. 393.After the great fire of 1871, Chicago came back with a reinvigorated vengeance. Each day hordes of immature people walked into the city looking for a future and new dreams. Many of these people were young single women who were oblivious to the peril and dangers of the big cities they hoped to make their homes. Jane Addams, break in of Chicagos Hull House, wrote, Never before in civilization have such numbers of young girls been suddenly released from the protection of the home and permitted to walk unattended upon the city streets and to work under alien roofs. Her statement points to the status of women in America at the time. Women were going through a conversion they were trying on new roles in their newly crafted world and le aving behind old ones.They were sheltered and protected and treading on alien territory when they left their homes. Clearly this was not the life story most women were used to living venturing out into the world was not something that was generally accepted as normal behavior. But like all else, things were changing and in the name of progress women were changing too.They found work as seamstresses, weavers, typewriters and what not. All jobs which had a man in charge or above them. Simply position they were to be the nurses, and not the doctors. The men who hired them were thought of, in that era, as noble characters. There were also those with less than noble intentions. During the summer of 1890, a process of monition was placed in the help-wanted section of the Chicago Tribune, cautioning female stenographers stating our growing conviction that no thoroughly honorable business-man who is this side of dotage ever advertises for a noblewoman stenographer who is a blonde, is goo d-looking, is quite alone in the city, or will transmit her photograph. All such advertisements upon their face bear the marks of vulgarity, nor do we get word it safe for any lady to answer such unseemly utterances. The warning was placed in the Chicago Tribune by the First National Bank.Stepping into new postThe women were now living lives designed for men. The city was not the same as it once had been. While there were good men keeping the honor of the city intact, there was no shortage of those who were ever ready to plunder it. There were large amounts of deaths, many of them were unknown men and women who were never identified and never precept their families again.One did not have to be murdered in Chicago the city itself killed many in multiple accidents, you could simply step off a curb and get hit by a car and die. And of course there were the homicides. During the first half of 1892 Chicago was witness to nearly eight hindered homicides. The once innocent city was bein g turned into a vicious place. Chicago was turning out to become one of the dangerous cities to come out the unite States of America. The streets were no longer safe and amidst dreams of becoming the best in the world, the greatest, the city did quite the opposite.Criminals Women now rose to a new status. They moved from being caregivers in the home, from being protected and sheltered, to being city girls making it on their own. And they then went from city girls to murdering harlots. Many incidences occurred where men killed women and women turned around to kill other men. Chicago was one big cesspool of criminal activity. The criminal activity rose around the entirety of the nation, but Chicago stood out in its numbers.The 1888 killing crack courtesy of Jack the Ripper had the nation enthralled and addicted. None however, imagined something similar hitting their own cities. When men liked Holmes ravaged the youth of the city and went about murdering people, no one at the time th ought it could be the work of a serial killer. People were too innocent, even with the crimes that shattered their lives each day, they refused to believe something that wicked could be taking place right next door.A good example of this stint was the Broadway show titled Chicago itself. It paints the story of Velma Kelly, a ill-famed criminal. In fact women were the only magnificent criminals in that show, while men played the part of protectors, lawyers, gullible husbands. The show was a satire on the state of things in the city. Woman has changed drastically, they were no longer thought of as nave, innocent, noble creatures. They were scandalous entities.

Case analysis for Bank of America Essay Example for Free

Case analysis for Bank of America EssayExpand current app to include basic credit card and mortgage functions to increase market share of expanding busy dealing market and shift customer activity to be-effective channels. BOAs entrance into local meandering(a) payment and person-to-person P2P energetic shopping market (tap a large and growing market that currently lacks the regulation of banks and added security. I would like to apportion strategy into two parts, short term and long term.The short term strategy is to solve the problem that how we define our market, and define population to be targeted with mobile strategy. Retain existing functionality. Enhance current app by adding basic credit card and mortgage features (increase passive customer engagement and minimize complexity). Increased customer engagement and cross-selling to make sure increasing dealings and save money.The long term strategy has three steps to executive. (1 Integrate Credit Card and mortgage bu siness into current Bank of America Mobile App. (2 Introduce Bank of America e-commerce app which includes local mobile payment and person to person capabilities. (3 Expand to world(prenominal) markets using existing mobile apps to create virtual banking regardless of physical branch presence.For local mobile payment, Bank of America should reduce transaction cost to Bank of America and merchants. Merchants reduce costs associated with current point of sale credit card services. Instant access via Bank of America e-commerce to business accounts and transaction history. Eliminating more expensive consumer and merchant proceedings could save cost to Bank of America. For person-to-person, it should cut out the middleman which means reduced transactional costs. Secure payment transcription that is regulated and insured like a bank, unlike the currently the only established competitor,PayPal. P2P market has a large potential for growth, estimate 2.4 billion e-commerce transaction in 2 014 and 78 million active PayPal users, 3 billion under-banked consumers worldwide.The benefits of its app are at following sentences. 1) Leverage Bank of America as first online and mobile bank. 2) Cost efficient way to provide additional services to existing consumers and reach previously unreachable customers. 3) Without the existing company, PayPal, there is a few competitors in this market. 4) Costs include programming and maintenance of application after roll-out.There are other additional benefits.1) New customers poached from other bank is 38 million transactions in 2010 and 119 in 2014.2) Expand its reach into mobile transaction market as all customer groups experience increased stratagem and streamlining of banking needs.3) App for free = limits the barriers to entry.4) Enhance features increase the likelihood of customers finding value in mobile banking. Bank of Americas market share of mobile transactions will increase as credit card and mortgage customers from all grou ps utilize the app and extend their activities with the bank (as seen in Bank of Americas lessons from online banking). additive transactions made by mobile customers will come at a reduced expense to Bank of America.

The Evolution Of Animation

The Evolution Of energyEver since the beginning of photography, people learned that pictures taken in quick series, of a mournful object, could be flipped through, in succession, to create the illusion of a moving picture. For many years Animation has been employ. Animation was done in black and white much(prenominal) as cartoons and movies in the early 1900s. The backgrounds and the cartoon drawings were make simple. Animation technology has come a long way since the early days of hand-drawn cartoons. The tools receive changed dramatically. Animation is a graphic representation of drawings to show movement deep cut those drawings. A series of drawings are linked together and usually photographed by a camera. The drawings bear been slightly changed between individualized frames so when they are played back in rapid succession (24 frames per second) there appears to be seamless movement within the drawings.Early life forces, which started appearing before 1910, consisted of s imple drawings photographed one at a time. It was extremely labor intensive, as there were literally hundreds of drawings per minute of film. Early animators used an animation technique k this instantn as stop achievement. With the camera stopped, items would be rearranged, removed, or added to the shot whence the director would start rolling again. Live action films using this procedure were called Trick Plays. American studios soon turned to flat animation as opposed to dimensional animation, finding it much more in effect(p) for their assembly- line of credit techniques of making animated films. To illustrate the difference between the two, picture Gumby (a dimensional character) as opposed to Tweety Bird, a drawing. The development of celluloid around 1913 quickly made animation easier to manage. Instead of numerous drawings, the animator now could make a complex background and/or foreground and squeeze in moving characters in between several former(a) pieces of celluloid, wh ich is transparent except for where drawings are painted on it. This made it unnecessary to repeatedly draw the background, as it remained static and tho the characters moved. It also created an illusion of depth, especially if foreground elements were placed in the frames. The first animated cartoon was created in 1910 by pioneers such as Emile Cohl and Winsor McCay. The animation timeline then starts to progress with several films being produced during the next twenty years Gertie the Dinosaur, produced by Winsor McCay and distributed to commercial movie theaters in 1914 being a land mark during this period. In the 1920s and 1930s Warners, MGM and Disney studios developed cartoon techniques, producing more and more sophisticated cartoons using traditional animation techniques of producing complex backgrounds and then imposing moving figures on them with celluloid, a transparent film. Walt Disney took animation to a new level adding sound in 1928 and producing the first full lengt h animated film in 1937 degree centigrade White and the Seven Dwarfs.Since the release of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs by Disney in 1937, animated films have become one of the most commonly enjoyed forms of entertainment. Disney has a long history of developing, producing, and distributing films such as Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin and The Lion King. The stories and characters of these popular animated feature films have become part of our modern traditions, enjoyed by every generation. Traditionally, these popular animated feature films have been created using the time-consuming and labor-intensive process of two-dimensional, hand-drawn cel animation. Today animation is rarely done on cel (Cel is a cerement of transparent cellulose acetate used as a medium for painting animation frames. It is transparent so that it can be laid over other celluloid and/or a painted background, then photographed.) Cel animation is extremely time consuming and requires incredible organization a nd concentration to detail. The way of doing animation directly is different and is more effective and it majorly depends on the new advanced computer technology.Remarkable animated films wouldnt have been possible without the new advances in computer technology. On the other hand even the computer technology itself is not new. Films like Toy Story, Madagascar, Finding Nemo, Up etc are the magnificent pieces of work done by Disney and they wouldnt have been possible without the computer technology. In the past the animators used to work very hard just to make a small video, but now its all computerized and one can easily see the evolution of animation that how significantly it has improved and made a special place for itself in the industry. fit in to Buffy Naillon, Computer animation changed the animated film industry. Animation today is based more on math formulas than the ability to draw According to Library.ThinkQuest.org, computer animation began about 40 years ago by General Motors. The company created a design system called DAC (Design Augmented by Computers). With it, they could look at 3D models of their cars from every angle.Consistent with PIXAR where films go through four stages development, creating storyline pre-production, addressing technical challenges production, making the film and post-production, polishing the last-place product. Today animation is done in a very effective manner, its a complete process with various steps which includes the idea of the film development, then to create a story line in which pre-production is done and dealing with all the technical challenges are also done in this step, later comes the production and the making of the film and then with the final touches the polishing is done.Today we have 3 dimensional animated films, which give the impression of being more realistic. Everyone today is fond of animated films. When that sledgehammer comes down on Sylvester the Cats big toe and it grows to the size of a wa termelon theres no trick photography involved. The stories are very beautiful yet simple. And the most pregnant the quality of the animated films today is way different then what we had in past. Animated films today when played in rapid succession appear to have seamless movements within the layouts. Seeing the old methods of animation and the methods used today really shows how the animating process has evolved and how it is getting better and better. The animation timeline carry on in the new millennium with movies like How to train your Dragon, Toy Story 3, Shrek The Final Chapter, and many more to follow.

Relationship Between Facebook Usage and Social Capital

Relationship Between Facebook Usage and Social Capital1. IntroductionThe purpose of this enquiry is to investigate the recent phenomenon known as well-disposed ne bothrks, and in particular the social networks associated with the World Wide Web and their impact on the social welfare (also known as social capital) of people. This topic is of particular rice beer to the enquiryer because of the increasing importance and span of the online social network sites. Thus understanding how they impact society in general. The scope of the question leave behind be The Facebook the biggest at this time online social network. The reason for the topic is the increase of the website in our lives and the many disputations whether it has positive or negative impact on its users. Therefore up to(predicate) search regarding key concepts and connections betwixt The Facebook and social capital would benefit anyone who is interested in online social networks and their influence over societies. Bef ore continuing with the look into it is most-valuable to introduce key concepts and definitions which is to make easier for the reader to understand the matters at make pass.1.1 Key DefinitionsAsocial networkis asocial structuremade up of individuals (or organizations) called nodes, which are tied (connected) by one or more specific types ofinterdependency, frequently(prenominal) asfriendship,kinship, common interest, financial exchange, dislike,sexual relationships, or relationships of beliefs, knowledge orprestige. As in almost everything in present days, the internet influences the social networks. A good example of that is the created in 2004 online social networkThe Facebook. By 2007 it was account to drop more than 21 million registered members generating 1.6 billion page views each day (Needham Company, 2007). The site is closely incorporated into the everyday media practices of its users Ordinary users spend or so 20 minutes a day on the site, and two-thirds of user s log in at least once a day (Cassidy, 2006 Needham Company, 2007).1.2 Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this research is to assay the relationship between the use of Facebook, and the development and preservation of social capital both bonding and bridging.Its objective is to determine whether online social networks and in particular The facebook have positive or negative impact on societies.1.3 Key Research QuestionsIs Facebook positively connected with individuals who perceive bridging social capital?Will Facebook intensity be positively associated with people who perceive bonding social capital?Is Facebook helping people with face to face communication difficulties?Facebook Survey Pie ChartThe remainder of the research is organized as follows partitioning 2 reviews conceptual development and theories of the research questions. Section 3 reviews the research methods and how they address the questions and how the data will be compile. Section 4 shows the research plan vie diagram , displaying the different activities involved in producing the actual work and how they will happen in time. Section 5 concludes the research proposal by highlighting the importance of the research questions and their connection with the different theories. Section 6 is the bibliography and reference apply for the research.2. Literature ReviewPrevious research suggests that Facebook users engage in searching for people with whom they have an offline connection more than they browse for complete strangers to meet (Lampe, Ellison, Steinfield, 2006). Much of the early research on online communities speculate that individuals using these systems would be linking with others extinctside their pre-existing social group or location, liberating them to form communities around mutual interests, as opposed to shared geography (Garton, Guila Haythornthaite, Dimitrova, Salaff, Wellman 1996). A benchmark of this early research is the assurance that when online and offline social networks overlapped, the directionality wasonline to offlineonline connections resulted in face-to-face meetings. For example Parks and Floyd (1996) report, that one-third of their respondents later met their online correspondents offline. As they mark, These findings imply that relationships that attempt online rarely stay there.Much of the existing academic research on Facebook has focused on identity presentation and privacy (e.g., Gross Acquisti, 2005 Stutzman, 2006). Looking at the amount of data Facebook users present close to themselves, the fairly open nature of the information, and the lack of privacy controls enacted by the users, Gross and Acquisti (2005) argue that users whitethorn be position themselves at exposure both offline (e.g., stalking) and online (e.g., identify theft). Other recent Facebook study examines student perceptions of instructor presence and self-disclosure (Hewitt Forte, 2006 Mazer, Murphy, Simonds, 2007), sequential patterns of use (Golder, Wilkinson, Huberman, 2007), and the relationship between compose structure and friendship communication (Lampe, Ellison, Steinfield, 2007).Putnam (2000) distinguishes between bridging and bonding social capital. The former is tie in to what network researchers refer to as weak ties, which are loose connections between persons who may provide useful information or fresh perspectives for one a nonher but on average not emotional support (Granovetter, 1982). On the other hand, bonding social capital is found between individuals in tightly-knit, emotionally close relationships, such as family and close friends.Social capital in the main refers to the assets accumulated through the relationships between people (Coleman, 1988). Social capital is a flexible term with a range of definitions in numerous fields (Adler Kwon, 2002), conceived of as both a cause and an effect (Resnick, 2001 Williams, 2006). Bourdieu and Wacquant (1992) define social capital as the sum of the resources, actual or vir tual, that accrue to an individual or a group by virtue of possessing a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition (p. 14). The assets from these relationships can hesitate in form and function based on the relationships themselves.Social capital has been link to a diversity of positive social outcomes, such as check public health, lower crime rates, and more resourceful financial markets (Adler Kwon, 2002). According to numerous instruments of social capital, this important resource has been deteriorating in the U.S. for the past several geezerhood (Putnam, 2000). When social capital declines, a community experiences augmented social disorder, reduced involvement in public activities, and potentially more mistrust among society members. great social capital increases commitment to a community and the ability to organize collective actions, among other benefits. Social capital may also be used for harmful purposes, bu t in general it is seen as a positive effect of interaction among participants in a social network (Helliwell Putnam, 2004).The Internet has been linked both to increases and decreases in social capital. Nie (2001), for instance, argued that Internet use detracts from face-to-face time with others, which might weaken an individuals social capital. However, this viewpoint has received strong criticism (Bargh McKenna, 2004). Furthermore, a number of researchers have claimed that online connections may add to or replace in-person interactions, mitigating any loss from time spent online (Wellman, Haase, Witte, Hampton, 2001). In fact, studies of physical (e.g., geographical) communities supported by online networks, such as the Blacksburg Electronic Village, have found out that computer-mediated interactions have had constructive effects on community relations, involvement, and social capital (Hampton Wellman, 2003 Kavanaugh, Carroll, Rosson, Zin, Reese, 2005).Lately, researchers h ave show the significance of Online-based linkages for the formation of weak ties, which provide the foundations of bridging social capital. Donath and boyd (2004) theorize that SNSs (Social Network Services) could to a great extent add to the weak ties one could form and maintain, because the applied science is well-suited to maintaining such ties inexpensively and effortlessly.Based on the earlier work, one could suggest the following assumptionConcentration of Facebook use should be positively connected with individuals sensed bridging social capital. It is obvious that the Internet facilitates new connections, in that it provides people with another way to connect with others who share their interests or relationship goals (Ellison, Heino, Gibbs, 2006 Horrigan, 2002 Parks Floyd, 1996). These new connections may cause an increase in social capital for example, a 2006 Pew Internet study tumbled that online users are more likely to have a large network of close ties than non -Internet users, and that Internet users are more likely than non-users to obtain help from core network members (Boase, Horrigan, Wellman, Rainie, 2006). Williams (2006) argues that even though researchers have examined possible dilapidations of social capital in offline communities due to greater Internet use, they have not effectively explored online gains that could compensate for this. For that reason it could be proposed a second assumption on the relationship between Facebook use and close tiesConcentration of Facebook use should be positively related with individuals perceived bonding social capital.3. MethodologyThe ontology of this research is such as although Facebook is virtual and without material component, one can view and describe it as a real object, because it can be used, felt and its existence proved. succor is the epistemology, for which the objective perspective is used, because Facebook is seen as separate entity from the individual user. The environment i s constant, thus the result is that the individuals profile is what changes according to the virtual surrounding. This perspective makes it easier for marketers to analyse the user behaviour and give firms the opportunity to efficiently advertise and sell their products for maximizing profits. To provide evidence that the research findings are indeed correct, the positivist assumption will be used, because it is better and more accurate way of describing the topic, giving exact data for the research. An example of bad secondary coil date is the following pie charthttp//media.brainz.org/uploads/2009/02/facebook.pngFor the purpose of the research a comparison of the terms primary and secondary data is needed, so one can see why the author of the research chooses the second. Primary data is collected to be up to date and topic specific. This in no doubt leads to better and more accurate results. The big downfall of this method is its time consuming nature and the fact it is really ex pensive. On the other hand Secondary data is identified by Saunders et al (2003) as data previously collected, stored or published. The big plus of secondary data is that it is already published, analysed, structured and is reviewed by other professors and academics, who already evaluated it. There are two types of secondary data identified by Saunders et al (2003). These are qualitative and numerical data. The qualitative data is usually analyses and text-like definitions whereas quantitative data is usually related to statistics and numbers. A good source of quantitative secondary data is census, housing, social security as well as electoral statistics and other related databases. It is hardly this type of data, that would be best to use in this research as it is easier, cheaper and less time consuming to obtain, while relatively reliable and least, but not last, by using secondary data it is easier to avoid privacy problems with the people the information was gathered from. As every method, secondary data has its disadvantages, which in this miscue are that the data may be collected for a different from the researchers aim and thus it can be distorted. The access to slightly secondary data sources can be costly and difficult. Furthermore it is proved that one has no real control over the quality and reliability of the secondary data at all. (Saunders, M. Et al. 2003) For that reason when collecting the secondary data it is vital to measure its validity and whether it meets the researchers needs. There is always bias in the data, so it is important to find as many sources as possible to minimise the bias. (Saunders, M. Et al. 2003).For this exact research the secondary data will be collected from analysed written surveys, questionnaires, telephone surveys, observation focus groups and existing records. Each of those has their own pros and cons in terms of how much qualitative data can be extracted out of them. It is clear that written surveys with determ ined scales will give more pure numbers and thus make the descriptive statistics analysis easier. On the other hand processing telephone surveys and observation focus groups would be harder and more time consuming. But as stated above one need as much data sources as possible to fully analyse and give reliable and non biased answer on a topic as large as the impact of the largest online social network Facebook on its users.4. Research planStep one writing the propositionStep two make a research on the possible resources available and making a list of the most useful sources.Step three Following the proposition methods, mine the needed quantitative data from the resources.Step four Analyse and process the raw quantitative mined data via descriptive statistics analysis and the qualitative data analysis.Step 5 Summaries the data found from the previous steps and based on it start writing the actual dissertation.Step six Review the Reference and bibliography carefully and keep it.Ste p seven Give the semi-finished dissertation to the advisor for ideas of improvement.Step eight Improve and polish the dissertation and then wrap it up for submission.http//thomaslarock.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/datamining.jpghttp//www.42u.com/images/data-center-resources.jpghttp//howtowriteathesis.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/writingabook.jpghttp//lib.store.yahoo.net/lib/classic-motoring/Flex3401VRGCarPolisher.jpg-1 -2- -3-http//www.whole-person-counseling.com/Images/bookstack.gifhttp//onetick.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/innovation_1.jpg?w=640http//images.huffingtonpost.com/2008-11-17-2Advisor.GIF-4--5- -6- -7- -8-5. ConclusionWith the data that could be gathered using the models described above, one will have a more in-depth, reliable and useful information about the actual benefits and drawbacks Facebook gives in terms of social and bonding capital. It will be seen whether the theories suggesting Facebook helps people with face communication difficulties are indeed true. In general, conducting this research will provide data that is important for understanding the ever-growing online social networks and how to cultivate them to bring maximum benefits, not only for socialization, but for businesses, education, helping people overcome socializing problems and improving our lives in general.http//www.neurosoftware.ro/programming-blog/wp-content/plugins/wp-o-matic/cache/521f7_facebook_like_button.jpg

Teens with Eating Disorders Essay -- bulimia nervosa anorexia nervosa

Teens with Eating DisordersIn our society today, we are constantly hearing about more and more teenagers, mostly girls, who are distress from an eating disorder. For reasons that are ill-defined, these young women are developing potentially life-threatening eating disorders as a way of achieving a perfect model body. there are many different types and classifications of eating disorders, but the two most common adepts in which teens suffer from and are diagnosed with are called bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. People with bulimia, cognise as bulimics, indulge in bingeing, which are episodes of eating large amounts of food to satisfy their hunger and craving for food. Then there is purging, this happens after bingeing and it is a delegacy of getting rid of the food by vomiting or using laxatives. Anorexia Nervosa is a disorder in which preoccupation with dieting and thinness leads to excessive metric weight unit loss. Anorexics have an intense fear of fat.(American Anore xia Bulimia Association, INC). People with anorexia, whom doctors sometimes call anorectics, severely limit their food intake. About half of them also have bulimia symptoms. A lot of the time a person suffering from anorexia doesnt realize that they have an eating problem, they are more concerned with their image than food. In this report I want to primarily focus on teens with eating disorders and why they have resorted to this way of life. There are a lot of unclear reasoning of why people are inflicting pain, in a sense, upon themselves, but it mostly has to do with these teens self image and confidence, and the dire need to like one of those magazine models. To them thin=pretty+happiness. First, I researched and found to some degree why these teens are... .../www.wcsu.edu/wiss/400/killea.htmKuehnel, Deborah. Eating Disorders. Aug. 1998. http//wwwaddictions.net/info.htmLevine & Smolak. 2000. 10 Things Parents Can Do to Help preserve Eating Disorders. http//www.edap.org/10th ings.htmlLQS Programs, 2000. http//laquesabe.com/lqswww/Programs.htmThe Media, Body Image, and Eating Disorders. 1997Mintle, Linda Ph.D. Risk Factors of Eating Disorders. 2000. http//admin.christianity.comShiltz, Tom. Men and Eating Disorders The Latest Facts. http//www.edap.org/men.htmlWhat Causes Eating Disorders? 2001. http//webmd.lycos.com/content/article/1680.50413 Zastrow, Charles. Understanding Human Behavior and the neighborly Environment, Fifth Edition. 2001, pg. 246-47 & 324-29.Zinn, Janet. Dieting, could it be the problem rather than the solution? http//caringonline.com/eatdis/editorials/zinn/zinn/htm

Farewell to Manzanar Essay example -- essays papers

Farewell to Manzanar Fighting a war against the oppression and persecution of a people, how hypocritical of the American government to harass and punish those based on their heritage. Magnifying the already existing dilemma of discrimination, the bombing of Pearl Harbor introduced Japanese-Americans to the harsh and unjust treatment they were squeeze to confront for a lifetime to come. Wakatsuki Ko, after thirty-five years of residence in the United States, was still prevented by law from becoming an American citizen. Denied citizenship by the United States, a man without a country, he was tormented and interrogated by the government based on this reality, labeled a disloyal citizen to the U.S. Severing Ko from the remainder of his family, the FBI detained as many as 1370 Japanese-Americans, classifying them as dangerous enemy aliens. As much as a year would pass before he would see his family again, joining them at Manzanar, a concentration camp. Forced to destroy all memoi rs of his Japanese heritage, fearful such things would allude to Japanese allegiance, Ko no lo...